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Describe in detail the characteristics and differences of various castings
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2024-05-20
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1. Casting can also be divided into gravity casting and pressure casting according to the pouring process of liquid metal. Gravity casting refers to the process of injecting liquid metal into the mold under the action of the earth's gravity, also known as casting. Generalized gravity casting including sand casting, metal casting, investment casting, clay casting; narrow meaning of gravity casting refers specifically to metal casting. Pressure casting refers to the process of injecting liquid metal into the mold under the action of other external forces (without gravity). Generalized pressure casting including die casting machine pressure casting and vacuum casting, low pressure casting, centrifugal casting, etc.; narrow sense of pressure casting refers specifically to the metal die casting machine pressure casting, referred to as die casting.
2. Sand casting is a traditional casting process that uses sand as the main molding material to make molds. Sand generally use gravity casting, there are special requirements can also be used low pressure casting, centrifugal casting and other processes. Sand casting has a wide range of adaptability, small pieces, large pieces, simple pieces, complex pieces, single pieces, large quantities can be used. The mold used for sand casting was previously made of wood, commonly known as wood mold. In order to change the defects such as easy deformation and damage of wood molds, except for the sand castings produced by single pieces, all of them are changed to aluminum alloy molds or resin molds with high dimensional accuracy and long service life. Although the price has increased, it is still much cheaper than the mold used in metal casting, and the price advantage is particularly prominent in small batch and large production. In addition, sand mold is more refractory than metal mold, so materials with higher melting points such as copper alloys and ferrous metals are also used in this process. However, sand casting also has some shortcomings: because each sand mold can only be poured once, the mold is damaged and reshaped after the casting is obtained, so the production efficiency of sand casting is low; and because the overall quality of sand is soft and porous, so the size accuracy of sand casting is low and the surface is rough.
2. Sand casting is a traditional casting process that uses sand as the main molding material to make molds. Sand generally use gravity casting, there are special requirements can also be used low pressure casting, centrifugal casting and other processes. Sand casting has a wide range of adaptability, small pieces, large pieces, simple pieces, complex pieces, single pieces, large quantities can be used. The mold used for sand casting was previously made of wood, commonly known as wood mold. In order to change the defects such as easy deformation and damage of wood molds, except for the sand castings produced by single pieces, all of them are changed to aluminum alloy molds or resin molds with high dimensional accuracy and long service life. Although the price has increased, it is still much cheaper than the mold used in metal casting, and the price advantage is particularly prominent in small batch and large production. In addition, sand mold is more refractory than metal mold, so materials with higher melting points such as copper alloys and ferrous metals are also used in this process. However, sand casting also has some shortcomings: because each sand mold can only be poured once, the mold is damaged and reshaped after the casting is obtained, so the production efficiency of sand casting is low; and because the overall quality of sand is soft and porous, so the size accuracy of sand casting is low and the surface is rough.
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